Define management and Explain its nature
Posted by Ripon Abu Hasnat on Monday, September 8, 2014 | 0 comments
Definition of Management
Management in all business and organizational
activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals
and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively.
Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling
an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the
purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and
manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources
and natural resources. Since organizations can be viewed as systems, management
can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the
production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity to
'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others.
Nature
of Management
In for-profit work, management has as its primary
function the satisfaction of a range of stakeholders. This typically involves
making a profit (for the shareholders), creating valued products at a
reasonable cost (for customers) and providing rewarding employment opportunities
(for employees). In nonprofit management, add the importance of keeping the
faith of donors.
In most models of management/governance, shareholders
vote for the board of directors, and the board then hires senior management.
Some organizations have experimented with other methods (such as
employee-voting models) of selecting or reviewing managers; but this occurs
only very rarely.
In the public sector of countries constituted as representative
democracies, voters elect politicians to public office. Such politicians hire
many managers and administrators, and in some countries like the United States
political appointees lose their jobs on the election of a new
president/governor/mayor.
1. Universality:
Management is an universal phenomenon in
the sense that it is common and essential element in all enterprises. Managers
perform more or less the same functions irrespective of their position or
nature of the organization. The basic principles of management can be applied
in all managerial situations regardless of the size, nature and location of the
organization. Universality of managerial tasks and principles also implies that
managerial skills are transferable and managers can be trained and developed.
2. Purposeful:
Management is always aimed at achieving
organizational goals and purposes. The success of management is measured by the
extent to which the desired objectives are attained. In both economic and
non-economic enterprises, the tasks of management are directed towards
effectiveness (i.e., attainment of organizational goals) and efficiency (i.e.,
goal attainment with economy of resource use).
3. Social process:
Management essentially involves managing
people organized in work groups. It includes retaining, Developing and
motivating people at work, as well as taking care of their satisfaction as
social beings. All these interpersonal relations and interactions makes the
management as asocial process.
4. Coordinating
force:
Management coordinates the efforts of
organization members through orderly arrangement of inter-related activities so
as to avoid duplication and overlapping. Management reconciles the individual
goals with the organizational goals and integrates human and physical
resources.
5. Intangible:
Management is intangible. It is an unseen
force. Its presence can be felt everywhere by the results of its effort which
comes in the form of orderliness, adequate work output, satisfactory working
climate, employees satisfaction etc.
6. Continuous
process:
Management is a dynamic and an on-going
process. The cycle of management continues to operate so long as there is organized
action for the achievement of group goals.
7. Composite
process:
Functions of management cannot be
undertaken sequentially, independent of each other. Management is a composite
process made up of individual ingredients. All the functions are performed by
involving several ingredients. Therefore, the whole process is integrative and
performed in a network fashion.
8. Creative organ:
Management creates energetic effect by
producing results which are more than the sum of individual efforts of the
group members. It provides sequence to operations, matches jobs to goals, and
connects work to physical and financial resources. It provides creative ideas,
new imaginations and visions to group efforts. It is not a passive force adapting
to external environment but a dynamic life giving element in every
organization.
You can subscribe by e-mail to receive news updates and breaking stories.
0 comments for "Define management and Explain its nature"
Leave a reply